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Al Qaeda leader Ayman Muhammad Rabaie al-Zawahiri was born on June 19, 1951, in Maadi, Egypt. Born into an upper-class family of doctors and scholars, al Zawahiri was a studious boy who joined his first Islamist group at age 14. He graduated from Cairo University in 1974 and received his master's in surgery in 1978.
In 1998, al Zawahiri formally merged Egyptian Islamic Jihad into al Qaeda, issuing a joint statement with bin Laden. Following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States, al Zawahiri appeared on the FBI's Most Wanted Terrorists list.